What is Canine Parvovirus (Parvo)?
A serious, highly contagious intestinal viral infection, most common in puppies, that causes bloody vomiting and diarrhea and can be fatal within days.
Canine parvovirus is caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), a virus that is extremely resistant in the environment and highly contagious, spread through contact with the feces of infected animals or contaminated surfaces. Puppies between 6 weeks and 6 months old, especially those that are unvaccinated or under-vaccinated, are the most vulnerable, because the virus attacks rapidly dividing cells, such as those in the intestines and bone marrow.
The most characteristic signs are intense vomiting, foul-smelling bloody diarrhea, profound lethargy, loss of appetite, and rapid dehydration. Because the virus also affects the bone marrow, a drop in white blood cells (leukopenia) is common, leaving the puppy even more vulnerable to secondary infections.
The disease progresses quickly and can be fatal within 48 to 72 hours without treatment. There is no direct cure for the virus — veterinary support with intensive fluid therapy, anti-nausea medication, and antibiotics to control secondary infections is what determines survival. If a puppy has bloody vomiting and diarrhea, especially one without a complete vaccination schedule, seek emergency veterinary care immediately.
Important notice
This calculator is for educational purposes and does not replace a veterinary evaluation. When in doubt, consult a veterinarian.Related terms
Canine Distemper
A serious, highly contagious viral disease that mainly affects unvaccinated dogs, attacking the respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems.
Core Combination Vaccine (DHPP/DHLPP)
A combination vaccine that protects dogs against several serious diseases at once, such as distemper, parvovirus, and leptospirosis, given on a schedule of boosters.
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
A blood test that evaluates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, used to investigate anemia, infection, inflammation, and clotting problems.